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March 7, 2020
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March 7, 2020
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Coronavirus: Worry and Precautions Are OK, But Panic and Hysteria Are Not Justified

The "COVID-19", originated in China, shows similar symptoms to the seasonal virus, but to confirm it there is a different procedure and we must act accordingly

Antonio GiordanobyAntonio Giordano
I nodi che vengono al pettine in Italia con il coronavirus e l’occasione per innovare

In red, the provinces in Italy where cases of Coronavirus have already been identified- as of March 2, 2020. La mappa con i casi accertati in Italia al 2 marzo, 2020 (Fonte WHO - OMS )

Time: 3 mins read

In Italiano.

Newswise – The disease caused by the new coronavirus has a name:  “COVID-19,” where “CO” stands for crown, “VI” for virus, “D” for disease and “19” indicates the year in which it occurred. The most common symptoms include fever, cough and breathing difficulties. Although symptoms are very similar to those of a seasonal flu, the viruses are different; therefore, in suspected cases of Coronavirus, laboratory tests are required to confirm the diagnosis.

A swab is made to collect mucus and saliva from the patient’s throat and identify the people who have contracted the pathogen and are therefore able to spread it. The search for antibodies is necessary to understand if you have already come into contact with the virus, and it is useful to conduct epidemiological studies to know, in retrospect, how many people have become infected.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:
A digital illustration of the coronavirus shows the crown-like appearance of the virus.

The incubation period represents the period of time that passes between the infection and the development of clinical symptoms. It is currently estimated that it varies between 2 and 11 days, up to a maximum of 14. We must try to curb alarmism, but be aware of what is going on, and understand that the number of subjects found positive in Italy and in Europe will increase. This is inevitable for two reasons; the first is that we now know that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is very infectious and the mode of contagion occurs when those who already have the infection do not show obvious symptoms. Second, identifying the subjects who have come into contact with those who are already positive will have the inevitable consequence of finding others.

What can be said for sure is that these infections are more easily conveyed in closed rooms and by relatively close contacts less than 6 feet away. And the incidence of death is higher among those over age sixty-five and subjects affected by other chronic pathologies, due to weaker immune systems and related vulnerabilities.

Misinformation, fake news and psychosis on coronavirus go hand in hand: among the many dubious theories prevalent on the internet is the suggestion that the virus was conceived as a biological weapon by China, or other versions that claim it was created in  laboratories in the U.S.

March 6, 2020: World Health Organization Data/ BBC Map

As of the publication of this article, numbers indicate approximately 90,000 cases have been confirmed for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide since the beginning of the epidemic, with approximately 3,000 deaths recorded. For comparison, as reported on the site of the World Health Organization (WHO), globally, every year, the flu virus affects between 5 and 15% of the adult population (i.e. from 350 million to 1 billion people), an incidence that rises to 20-30% in children.

Between 3 and 5 million cases of influenza reported annually evolve into complications that cause death in about 10%, (about 500 thousand people in the world), especially among the population groups at risk (children under 5 years, the elderly and people with chronic diseases). In Italy, at the end of the 2018-2019 flu season, there had been 8,104,000 cases, and based on the most updated data, from 14 October 2019 to 16 February 2020 the number of flu-like cases was 5,632,000; with a daily average of 217 deaths, data published on the InfluNet website  (the national epidemiological and virological surveillance system of influenza, coordinated by the Ministry of Health with the collaboration of the ISS).

At the moment, coronavirus, according to data from China, has an estimated mortality of around 3-4%. Mers, the “Middle Eastern” coronavirus epidemic, recorded 2,494 cases with 858 deaths, with a lethality rate of 34.4%. The best-known SARS epidemic, over two years, recorded 8,096 cases with 774 deaths, with a lethality rate of 9.6%. The Ebola virus, whose ongoing epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is still an international WHO public health emergency, has an estimated lethality rate of around 50%.

The statement that the new coronavirus epidemic is a global health emergency aims to raise awareness and improve international coordination; the concern, in fact, is also that it may spread the virus to countries with weak health systems.

Knowing the situation will allow us to develop increasingly effective measures. Without a doubt, each of us can, with our responsible behavior, act as a barrier to the spread of the virus.

 

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Antonio Giordano

Antonio Giordano

Sono nato nel '62 a Napoli dove mi sono laureato in Medicina e Chirurgia. Sono direttore dello Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine della Temple University di Philadelphia dove vivo con la mia famiglia. Dal 2004 sono professore per “chiara fama” all’Università di Siena. Di me dicono che abbia una certa esperienza nella genetica del cancro e nella regolazione del ciclo cellulare. Di sicuro c'è che i miei studi hanno contribuito alla comprensione di alcuni dei meccanismi alla base dello sviluppo del cancro e al disegno di una nuova generazione di farmaci. Ho all'attivo oltre 600 pubblicazioni e più di 30 premi. Sono appassionato della squadra di calcio del Napoli. www.drantoniogiordano.com www.shro.org Antonio Giordano is Professor of r Biology at Temple University in Philadelphia where he is also Director of the Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine. He is also ‘Chiara Fama’ Professor of Pathology at the University of Siena, Italy. His research interest includes both molecular and translational mainly focused on cell cycle deregulation in cancer. Dr Giordano identified a tumor suppressor gene, Rb2/p130, that has been found to be active in lung, endometrial, brain, breast, liver and ovarian cancers and also discovered Cyclin A/p60, Cdk9, and Cdk10. Cdk9 is known to play critical roles in HIV transcriptions, inception of tumors, and cell differentiation,[3] They also play a part in muscle differentiation and have been linked to various genetic muscular disorders. He has published over 600 articles and received over 40 awards for his contributions to medical research.  www.drantoniogiordano.com www.shro.org

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